The forum, part of the Community Empowerment & Institutional Inclusivity program, gathered scholars from various disciplines. They came together to explore Asia’s contributions to the development of knowledge, society, arts, and humanities. Dr. Anis received an invitation to present his research. He explored the significant relationship between the Arabic language and the preservation of local wisdom in Southeast Asia.

Research on Arabic’s Role in Cultural Preservation

Dr. Anis’s presentation was “Arabic and Preservation of Local Wisdom in Southeast Asia“. It explored the Arabic language’s role beyond religious functions. He discussed how Arabic has contributed to shaping the cultural, social, and societal values of Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia. According to Dr. Anis, Arabic plays an active role in preserving local wisdom through religious literacy traditions within Muslim communities.

Dr. Anis also referenced classic works such as Syarah Al-Hikam by KH. Sholeh Darat from Indonesia. In addition, there was also Shaykh Abdullah Gangohi from India. These texts, which contain theosophical Sufi teachings, are not only religious but also serve as vehicles for transmitting local values. These works exist in Javanese, Malay, and Indonesian translations. They play an important role in strengthening cultural identity and preserving ancestral values in the face of modernization.

Dr. Anis’s Call for Collaboration in Preserving Heritage

Furthermore, Dr. Anis highlighted a critical gap in current research on language extinction. He cited studies showing that younger generations are increasingly abandoning heritage languages. He argued that the preservation of Arabic-language literature, including Pegon-script texts in Indonesia, is vital in combating cultural extinction.

“Despite the growing body of research on Arab culture’s influence in Asia, studies still lack focus on the Arabic language’s role. This gap highlights its importance in preserving local wisdom,” Dr. Anis emphasized.

Using Systemic Functional Linguistics, Dr. Anis analyzed the information structure in Syarah Al-Hikam. He examined both the original Pegon-script manuscript and its Indonesian translation. His findings revealed that translation is not merely about converting language but also shaping communication patterns between texts and readers. This emphasizes the importance of high-quality translations to maintain the cultural and spiritual values embedded in the texts.

In conclusion, Dr. Anis stressed the importance of collaboration among universities, Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), and research institutions. He specifically mentioned Indonesia’s National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) as a key partner in this effort. He advocated for the documentation and study of Pegon manuscripts. He also suggested that heritage text translations should incorporate modern translation theories to improve public accessibility.

Dr. Anis’s participation in this prestigious forum further reinforces UNS’s commitment to contributing to global academic dialogue. Dr. Xin Huang, Chair of the Women’s and Gender Studies Program at UWM, expressed hope for Dr. Anis’s work. She believes it will enhance global academic discourse. With its continued efforts, the Arabic Literature program at UNS will strengthen its position as a hub for high-quality academic research. It will contribute to the development of scholarship grounded in local culture. This aligns with UNS’s dedication to achieving SDG 4: Quality Education.

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Discipline and Consistency: Keys to Literary Success

Renowned Indonesian author Ratih Kumala wrote the acclaimed novels Tabula Rasa and Gadis Kretek. She recently shared her journey in an interview with uns.ac.id on Monday (21/4/2025). She discussed her literary projects and the process that fuels her creativity.

“I’m working on several projects. Two film scripts are in progress, along with a novel that—God willing—will be published this year. I’m also writing a nonfiction book on writing, which I hope to complete next year,” she shared enthusiastically.

Despite juggling multiple genres, Ratih finds it easy to shift between projects. “Maybe it’s because I’ve been writing for a long time. My brain has adapted to switching quickly,” she explained.

She emphasized that running out of ideas is never the issue. “Inspiration can come from anywhere. What concerns me is whether I have the time to write them all. That’s why writers must become curators—choosing which ideas are worth the time, money, and effort,” she said.

For aspiring writers, Ratih believes the foundation of success lies in discipline and consistency. “It may sound cliché, but these two things are essential. Writing in Indonesia is not always financially sustainable. Many writers take on additional jobs, and that’s okay. What matters most is staying consistent,” she stated.

A Strong Beginning in the World of Literature

Ratih’s passion for writing began during her university years. She joined the Rumah Baca Bumi Manusia, a literary community established by UNS students. This experience played a crucial role in shaping her love for literature.

“I started writing as a hobby. Thanks to my friends’ encouragement, I began taking it seriously. I wrote short stories, moved to novels, and entered competitions. Winning the Jakarta Arts Council Novel Competition in 2003 with Tabula Rasa was a turning point,” she recalled.

The award brought recognition to her. It helped her gain attention from Indonesia’s literary legends, including Sapardi Djoko Damono and Budi Darma. Both served as judges in the competition.

“I joined the competition hoping experienced writers would read my work. Mr. Sapardi, Mr. Budi Darma, and Mr. Maman S. Mahayana were the judges. They selected my novel as a winner. I felt thrilled. Interestingly, most winners that year were women. Mr. Sapardi even said that the future of Indonesian literature belongs to women,” she added.

That statement motivated Ratih to continue. She faced the sastrawangi label—a term used by some male writers to stereotype female authors.

Advocating for Women and Literature

Coinciding with Kartini Day, Ratih shared a message of encouragement for today’s women. “Women can now pursue their dreams freely. They can speak up and express themselves. Compared to the past, today offers more opportunities—so use them,” she urged.

Currently, Ratih also serves on the Literary Promotion Board at the Ministry of Culture. In this role, she promotes Indonesian literature on a global scale. “We are preparing for the Abu Dhabi International Book Fair. It’s one of our steps to introduce Indonesian literature to the world,” she explained.

Ratih highlighted that promoting literature involves more than just publishing books. “It includes translating works and connecting local writers with international readers. Literature reflects our culture. It’s a gateway to show who we are,” she emphasized.

A Proud UNS Alumna

Looking back on her journey, Ratih expressed gratitude for her time at UNS. “At first, I didn’t choose UNS because of literature—I simply loved English. Since I lived in Solo, UNS was the best option,” she said.

She wasn’t initially drawn to literature. However, her time at UNS and the support from her literary community shaped her into the writer she is today. “To fellow UNS alumni—whatever profession you pursue, carry the UNS name proudly. Let’s continue making our alma mater proud,” she concluded.

Ratih Kumala’s story proves that with passion, discipline, and resilience, success is possible. She remains a shining example for young Indonesian writers and a proud ambassador for UNS on the national stage.

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Vice-Rector for Student Affairs and Alumni, Prof. Ir. Doddy Ariawan, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., reported that this period’s KKN includes four schemes. 260 students are participating in the Java Partnership Scheme, 231 in the Non-Java Partnership Scheme, 458 in the Faculty Partner Scheme, and 670 in the Thematic-Regular Scheme.

The KKN program will take place in various regions across Indonesia, covering seven provinces. In Java, Central Java and East Java serve as KKN locations, while areas outside Java include Bali, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), Maluku, and Southeast Sulawesi (Sultra). This broad distribution reflects UNS’s commitment to serving diverse communities.

KKN activities will be conducted in 22 districts and cities. In Central Java, students will be stationed in 12 locations: Blora, Boyolali, Cilacap, Grobogan, Karanganyar, Klaten, Magelang, Sragen, Sukoharjo, Surakarta, Temanggung, and Wonogiri. In East Java, the program will take place in Madiun and Pacitan. In NTB, students will serve in Bima, North Lombok, and East Lombok. In Bali, the locations are Denpasar and Tabanan. Meanwhile, Lembata in NTT, Central Maluku in Maluku, and Wakatobi in Sultra are also designated KKN areas.

UNS has assigned 83 Field Supervisors (DPL) to guide students during the program. The supervisors are faculty members from 14 faculties and one school, including the Vocational School, the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP), the Faculty of Arts and Design (FSRD), the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (FISIP), the Faculty of Agriculture (FP), the Faculty of Sports (FKOR), the Faculty of Medicine (FK), the Faculty of Law (FH), the Faculty of Engineering (FT), the Faculty of Animal Husbandry (Fapet), the Faculty of Psychology (Fapsi), the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), the Faculty of Cultural Studies (FIB), and the Faculty of Information Technology and Data Science (Fatisda).

UNS Rector, Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., conveyed a message to the students, highlighting that KKN is a vital implementation of the Tridarma Perguruan Tinggi (Three Pillars of Higher Education), specifically in community service. This program is expected to provide invaluable experiences in character development, leadership, and social skills.

“Through KKN, students are not only expected to apply the knowledge they have gained in class but also to learn from the social and cultural dynamics of the communities they serve,” Prof. Hartono said.

He emphasized the importance of carrying out responsibilities with creativity, innovation, and a sense of accountability. Students were encouraged to build good relationships with local communities, respect their traditions and cultures, and become agents of positive change in their respective areas.

“They will be deployed across seven provinces, from central to eastern Indonesia, carrying programs designed to address the specific needs of the communities,” he added.

KKN is one of the ways that UNS contributes to community service. The program activities can encompass various aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), depending on the types of initiatives carried out. KKN UNS program aims to address social, economic, and environmental challenges in the participating regions, making a tangible contribution to sustainable development.

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Reporter: R. P. Adji
Editor: Dwi Hastuti

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The meeting, attended by top officials from UNS and Xihua University, addressed several key issues related to education development and international collaboration. Participants included the Party Secretary of XHU, Prof. Liu Shugen, along with his team; UNS Rector, Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr. M.Si.; UNS Vice-Rector for Planning, Collaboration, Internationalization, and Information, Prof. Irwan Trinugroho, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D.; Dean of the Faculty of Cultural Studies (FIB) UNS, Dr. Dwi Susanto, M.Hum.; Dean of the Vocational School UNS, Dr. Eng. Ir. Herman Saputro, S.Pd., M.Pd., M.T.; Head of the Mandarin Language Center/Confucius Institute UNS, Prof. Dr. Ir. Ahmad Yunus, M.S.; and the Chinese Director of the Mandarin Language Center/Confucius Institute UNS, Dr. Fan Jie. The meeting, held on November 18, 2024, featured in-person and virtual participation.

One of the key topics discussed was the development of the Mandarin Language Program. XHU Party Secretary, Prof. Liu Shugen, highlighted plans to improve the quality of the Mandarin program at UNS. These plans include modernizing the curriculum, providing lecturer training, and developing more effective teaching methods for students. A primary focus is strengthening Mandarin learning at UNS to meet the demands of global education.

The two universities also agreed to enhance collaboration in academic research, particularly in Chinese language, culture, and linguistics. Joint projects will deepen understanding of the Chinese language and culture while fostering opportunities for cross-cultural research between Indonesia and China.

As part of the development of international cooperation, the Secretary of the XHU Party, Prof. Liu Shugen, also discussed opportunities to expand student and faculty exchange programs. UNS students interested in deepening their understanding of the Chinese language and culture will have the opportunity to study at Xihua University, while students from Xihua University will be given the chance to participate in programs at UNS.

During the meeting, both parties agreed to further strengthen cultural relations through various activities, such as joint cultural festivals, art exhibitions, and other cultural events. These initiatives aim to foster deeper understanding and connections between the two nations.

“We also conducted an evaluation of the existing collaboration programs and discussed development plans for the coming years,” XHU Party Secretary, Prof. Liu Shugen, explained. “The focus was placed on program innovations that can support the globalization of higher education and enhance the quality of teaching at both universities.”

The Head of the UNS Mandarin Language Center/Confucius Institute, Prof. Dr. Ir. Ahmad Yunus, M.S., stated that UNS, through the Mandarin Language Center, has become an important platform for promoting cultural exchange between China and other countries under the “One Belt One Road” initiative.

The Vice Rector for Planning, Cooperation, Internationalization, and Information at UNS, Prof. Irwan Trinugroho, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D., further introduced plans for the establishment of a Confucius Institute at UNS. He also emphasized efforts to strengthen management systems, develop Mandarin language programs, train native-speaking lecturers, and promote long-term collaboration with other institutions in China effectively.

The meeting concluded with a commitment to further enhance collaboration between UNS and Xihua University in education, research, and culture. Both universities pledged to actively bridge the exchange of knowledge and culture between Indonesia and China in the future. This initiative also aligns with UNS’s efforts to achieve SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals.

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The theme, “The Role of Nusantara Kingdoms in Welcoming Indonesia Emas 2045,” was chosen as the central focus of the discussion. The forum was attended by UNS Vice Rector for Academic and Research Affairs, Prof. Dr. Fitria Rahmawati, S.Si., M.Si.; Chairman of MAKN, Dr. KPH Eddy Wirabhumi, S.H., M.M.; Pangageng Sasono Wilopo, GKR Dra. Wandansari Koes Moertiyah, M.Pd.; and several royal representatives. The main agenda of the event was divided into two sessions: a seminar and the Musyawarah Agung (General Assembly).

The seminar featured prominent speakers, including Slameto Dwi Maryono, S.H., M.H., Special Advisor to the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning (ATR)/National Land Agency (BPN) on Agrarian Law and Indigenous Communities; PYM Edward Syah Pernong from the Skala Brak Kingdom of Lampung; Prof. K.P. Sahid Hadinagoro, M.Hum., Ph.D., Cultural Guardian of the Karaton Kasunanan Surakarta; Prof. Dr. Warto, M.Hum., Professor at FIB UNS; and KRT Djuyamto Rekso Pradoto, S.H., M.H., a cultural observer and alumnus of UNS. The seminar was moderated by Prof. Dr. Sunny Ummul Firdaus, S.H., M.H., Professor at the Faculty of Law (FH) UNS.

In her opening remarks, Prof. Fitria emphasized the importance of the existence and role of kingdoms as contributors to the idea of Indonesian unity. She highlighted the kingdoms’ role as cultural forces that actively serve as social, symbolic, and cultural capital to support government programs and efforts toward the success of Indonesia Emas 2045.

“We firmly believe that these roles and contributions can be carried out by the kingdoms in Nusantara, which have deeply rooted cultural traditions and strong social unity with their surrounding communities,” Prof. Fitria said.

Dr. KPH Eddy Wirabhumi, Chairman of MAKN, described the seminar as a timely occasion to discuss the role of Nusantara kingdoms in contributing to Indonesia’s development. He emphasized the importance of ongoing collaboration with the government to realize justice, prosperity, and welfare. He also expressed his appreciation to UNS for its contribution and partnership in hosting the event, noting that universities play a crucial role in preserving and advancing cultural heritage.

The main session of the seminar explored various topics under the chosen theme. Slameto Dwi Martono from the Ministry of ATR/BPN presented on “Registration of Customary Land and State Land within the National Land Law System.” Prof. Sahid, in his capacity as the Cultural Guardian of the Karaton Kasunanan Surakarta, delivered a talk on “Nusantara Kingdoms: The Silent Strength.” Prof. Warto, representing the academic community, discussed “The Role of Nusantara Kingdoms in Welcoming Indonesia Emas 2045 from a Historical Perspective.”

Echoing Prof. Warto, PYM Edward Syah Pernong and KRT Djuyamto Rekso Pradoto also provided insights from the MAKN and cultural perspectives, respectively. The seminar concluded with a discussion and a question-and-answer session, followed by the Musyawarah Agung MAKN.

This event underscores the UNS’s commitment to achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17: Partnerships for the Goals, by fostering collaboration between academic institutions, cultural stakeholders, and government agencies.

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As part of this initiative, UNS and APM UM co-hosted the Seminar Antarbangsa Kesusastraan dan Pengkajian Melayu (SAKPM) 2024, held at UNS Inn on Thursday (28/11/2024).

With the theme “Encounters Between Tradition and Modernity in the Strength of Information Technology Culture,” SAKPM 2024 aimed to explore the intersections of cultural, literary, and linguistic studies. The seminar was divided into three sessions, each dedicated to academic discussions within these domains.

Ibrahim Fatwa Wijaya, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D., Director of the UNS Directorate for Planning, Collaboration, Internationalization, and Reputation, inaugurated the event. In his opening remarks, he emphasized the value of such initiatives, expressing hope for future joint research collaborations.

A similar sentiment was echoed by Prof. Madya Dr. Tengku Intan Marlina Tengku Mohd Ali, Deputy Dean of APM UM.
“May this collaboration strengthen our ties and bring new dimensions to literary culture while preserving its original values,” she stated.

To enrich the seminar experience, several artistic performances by FIB UNS added warmth and creativity to the occasion. These included a poetry reading of Sajak Seorang Tua di Bawah Pohon by Drs. Albertus Prasojo, M.Sn. (Lecturer of the Indonesian Literature Program, FIB UNS), a musical interpretation of poetry by the 2023 cohort of Indonesian Literature students, and a traditional dance performance by Kanaya, a 2022 Indonesian Literature student.

SAKPM 2024 served as a platform for academic dialogue and celebrated the convergence of artistic expression and scholarly endeavors, reinforcing the importance of cultural and literary studies in a rapidly modernizing world.

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In his opening remarks, Prof. Drs. Suranto Tjiptowibisono, M.Sc., Ph.D., Chair of the UNS Professorial Council, expressed deep appreciation for the professors’ dedication and efforts in advancing the university. “The contributions made by our senior professors over their long tenure in their respective study programs, faculties, and the institution are visible today. The most important aspect is that their legacy is continued by the younger faculty members,” Prof. Suranto said. 

He emphasized the importance of academic continuity and ensuring the sustainability of knowledge within faculties and departments. “It is also noteworthy that many of our professors have achieved extraordinary milestones, not only in numbers but also in the age at which they were inaugurated. Several have earned this title in their 40s, and some even earlier. The focus moving forward is to ensure that the academic climate we build continues to improve,” he added. 

UNS Rector Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., highlighted the essential role of professors in advancing knowledge and fostering innovation. He noted their influence on shaping character and mentoring students and colleagues. “The knowledge and values they have imparted will continue to thrive and develop within society. Retirement does not mark the end of their contributions but rather the beginning of a new chapter where their dedication and expertise will inspire and benefit future generations,” he remarked.

During the event, two professors, Prof. Sunardi and Prof. Pranoto, delivered honorary retirement orations. Prof. Sunardi’s oration, titled “Differentiated Learning: A Necessity in Modern Education,” emphasized the need for personalized approaches in classrooms. He advocated for minimizing administrative tasks for teachers to allow more focus on fostering student engagement. Additionally, he highlighted the importance of managing heterogeneous classrooms and transitioning from competitive to collaborative and cooperative learning environments.

Meanwhile, Prof. Pranoto shared his research experiences on waste management and water quality. His work included developing Alofan Magic Clay adsorbents, now a key project under the startup Profita Indonesia. He also explored hydrogen as an environmentally friendly fuel source, collaborating with institutions such as Universiti Putra Malaysia, RUDN University in Russia, and several Indonesian universities. 

The event concluded with farewell speeches from the retiring professors, represented by Prof. Istadiyantha, Prof. Soetrisno, and Prof. Wiedy. UNS leadership and the Professorial Council presented mementos to the retiring professors, marking the end of the heartfelt ceremony.

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The guest speaker for the event was Pradana Ricardo, an alumnus of the Indonesian Literature program at UNS who is currently pursuing a Master’s degree in Linguistics at the University of Indonesia (UI). Also in attendance was the Head of the Indonesian Literature Program, Dr. Asep Yudha Wirajaya, S.S., M.A., who delivered opening remarks.

In his remarks, Dr. Asep expressed his hopes that the SAJAK event would continue to be held annually. “The key is to stay motivated until the end. I hope SAJAK will continue to be organized each year,” he stated.

Meanwhile, Pradana Ricardo, affectionately known as Ricard, delivered a presentation titled ‘Be an Outstanding Sastranesian’, offering tips on how to become an accomplished student in the Indonesian Literature program.

Ricardo, during his time as a student, gained recognition as the Central Java Language Ambassador and won numerous awards in national and international essay competitions. His involvement in student organizations is equally impressive, having served as President of the UNS Scientific Student Study Group (SIM) in 2022.

The first point that Ricardo shared was the importance of an open heart and mind. He encouraged new students to establish strong intentions and a sense of responsibility from the beginning of their academic journey.

“Additionally, building friendships and networks is crucial. New students should plan their direction early on. Honestly, we need to be proactive and get acquainted with senior students and lecturers from the start—that’s the trick to building connections. It’s fine to do so,” Ricardo explained.

He also emphasized the need for students to develop strategies to sustain themselves throughout their four-year academic journey, rather than simply going with the flow without a clear goal.

“In Indonesian Literature, it’s not just about learning to speak and use the Indonesian language; it’s about exploring culture, language, and literature in a broader sense. Our career prospects are vast, ranging from creative fields, public relations, editing, journalism, research, to broadcasting,” he concluded.

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Editor: Dwi Hastuti

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On this occasion, the Doctoral Program in Cultural Studies at FIB UNS brought in two speakers, namely the Chairman of the Indonesian Cultural Studies Association (AKBI), Dr. Yuliawan Kasmahidayat, and the Professor of Cultural Anthropology at Kenyon College, Ohio, USA, Prof. Sam Pack. This expert lecture is a regular agenda item held annually.

The event was opened with remarks from the Chair of the Doctoral Program in Cultural Studies at FIB UNS, Dra. Sri Kusumo Habsari. In her remarks, she explained that this expert lecture workshop is held annually to enhance the quality of the program. She hoped that contributions would emerge to improve education and research development.

As the first speaker, Dr. Yuliawan Kasmahidayat explained how to determine research methodology.

“To determine the research methodology of cultural studies, we need to consider several things, including fundamental aspects such as preparing oneself with basic understanding with the aim of making research and data collection more structured,” Dr. Yuliawan said.

Dr. Yuliawan stated that cultural studies is a sturdy theoretical tree that is then used to shelter studies from other disciplines. Therefore, the most appropriate research methodology for cultural studies is qualitative.

“Cultural Studies research is most suited to qualitative methods rather than quantitative methods. This is because cultural studies research methods require three general stages, namely classification, problem determination, and determining the framework of thinking and research objectives,” he continued.

The next session was continued by Prof. Sam Pack, who provided additional material on the data collection process from the speaker through direct interviews. When conducting interviews, Prof. Sam Pack provided tips for asking questions starting from general questions to specific ones that are personal in nature.

“It is crucial for researchers to establish an approach with the speaker before conducting research. If depicted like an inverted triangle, where questions begin with introductions and general questions that then narrow down to more personal questions,” Prof. Sam Pack said.

In addition, Prof. Sam Pack also explained the research steps that he had previously applied, such as how to establish an approach with the speaker and then how to determine the research timeline to facilitate the data collection process.

“During the interview, we may provide non-verbal signals to prompt the speaker to provide more information. And don’t forget to consider the comfort of the speaker during the interview process. Record all important aspects of the interview or you can record it, and then immediately transcribe the interview recording,” Prof. Sam Pack concluded.

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On this occasion, Prof. Sam Pack, an expert and professor of Cultural Anthropology at Kenyon College, Ohio, United States of America (USA), served as the main speaker, accompanied by Yusuf Kurniawan, S.S., M.A., as the moderator for the discussion and deliberation.

Interest in writing articles for publication in international journals still remains low, making workshops like this crucial in boosting the capabilities and interest of students and academics alike. This activity is one form of UNS’s implementation in becoming a center for the development of science, technology, and art at the international level.

The workshop began with opening remarks by Prof. Dr. Tri Wiratno, M.A., the Vice Dean of FIB UNS, followed by a session on the main material by Prof. Sam.

Interest in writing articles requires paying attention to the primary aspect of selecting suitable articles. “There are many journal options, but choose those with high credibility. Additionally, avoid predatory journals. Seek references that are typically read,” Prof. Sam said.

Prof. Sam stated that the structure of an article includes an introduction that starts with introducing the topic to be discussed, followed by the problems within the article and a highly specific thesis. The next structure involves the literature review, which includes several previous studies. Next is the research methodology. For Prof. Sam, it is important to organize the data by explaining how the research data was obtained. The main content of the publication article should focus on the results or discussions regarding the issues presented at the beginning of the introduction. Finally, a researcher must conclude their discussion clearly.

“To determine the results, the collected data must be written on small pieces of paper. The next step is to disqualify this data, grouping it based on its relevance to the theory until it narrows down to the three most recurring groups: main opinions, supporting opinions, and driving opinions,” he explained in discussing how to process qualitative data as supporting material for research through the disqualification technique.

Prof. Sam also provided several tips for composing an article, such as creating a writing framework for the article. This framework outlines the discussion topics to be addressed and discussed. After that, gather various constructive feedback. The next step is to find a writing group that builds on each other’s ideas and is responsible for pouring out discussion ideas. Another suggestion is to maintain the authenticity of the writing. He also believes that a writer must be persistent and resilient in the face of all temptations.

During the question-and-answer session, the enthusiasm of students and academics was evident in their active participation, asking Prof. Sam about the difficulties in composing articles, the obstacles they are facing, or seeking solutions through his answers.

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