The Role of Electrochemical Engineering in Hydrogen Fuel Development

His inaugural speech titled “The Role of Electrochemical Engineering in the Development of Hydrogen Fuel.” Prof. Adrian highlighted hydrogen’s vast potential. He emphasized its role as an eco-friendly alternative fuel. He highlighted that green hydrogen is produced through water electrolysis powered by renewable energy. It plays a crucial role in the global energy transition toward net-zero emissions.

Advantages of Hydrogen Fuel

Hydrogen boasts a high calorific value, rapid reaction rate, and the ability to integrate with various renewable energy sources. According to Prof. Adrian, hydrogen is not only a viable solution for the transportation sector. It is also applicable in industries, power generation, and households.

Innovations in Electrochemical Engineering

Prof. Adrian’s research focuses on electrochemical engineering, which serves as the backbone of hydrogen technology. His innovations include the synthesis of transition metal-based catalysts that facilitate hydrogen release from chemical storage materials like sodium borohydride. This breakthrough enhances hydrogen storage and production efficiency.

Indonesia’s Potential in Green Hydrogen Production

As fossil fuel reserves deplete and energy demands rise, Indonesia strives to become a leading player in green hydrogen production. The government plans to increase hydrogen generation capacity from 328 MW between 2031-2035 to 52 GW between 2051-2060. Indonesia leverages its abundant natural resources, such as solar, wind, water, biomass, and geothermal energy, to achieve this goal.

The Global Shift to Sustainable Energy

Hydrogen-based fuel cell technology offers high efficiency and a significantly lower carbon footprint than conventional technologies. Countries worldwide are integrating hydrogen technology into their national strategies to achieve a sustainable energy future.

UNS’s Commitment to Sustainable Energy

This inauguration reflects UNS’s dedication to academic contributions in addressing global challenges. With Prof. Adrian’s expertise, UNS aims to advance renewable energy technology and promote Indonesia’s sustainable energy independence. This milestone also aligns with UNS’s mission to become a world-class university. It supports Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7: “Affordable and Clean Energy.”

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The Importance of Sustainable Project Management

Prof. Retno Wulan Damayanti is the 40th Professor in the Faculty of Engineering and the 360th at UNS. In her inaugural speech, she delivered a lecture titled “Harmonizing Humans and Technology for Sustainable Project Management.” The topic highlights the multidimensional challenges of integrating technology with human activities sustainably.

During her speech, Prof. Retno emphasized that human civilization has always sought to overcome limitations, driving technological innovations that transform project management. She illustrated this by comparing the construction timelines of two major projects: the National Monument (Monas), completed in 14 years (1961-1975), and Thamrin Nine Tower 1 in Jakarta, which took only four years (2017-2021). In the aerospace sector, she cited SpaceX’s reusable rocket technology as proof that human imagination, combined with innovation, can turn ambitious ideas into reality.

During her speech, Prof. Retno stated that human civilization constantly overcomes limitations, driving technological innovations in project management. She compared the construction timelines of two major projects. They are the National Monument (Monas), completed in 14 years and Thamrin Nine Tower 1, finished in four years. In the aerospace sector, she mentioned SpaceX’s reusable rocket technology as proof that imagination and innovation make ambitious ideas possible.

Key Challenges in Modern Project Management

Modern project management involves three key complexities: structural, social, and emergent. Structural complexity includes technical and organizational challenges, exemplified by the Pertamina Energy Tower, a green building that integrates sustainable technology. Social complexity focuses on human factors and stakeholders. The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project demonstrated this through negotiations with landowners and street vendors. Meanwhile, emergent complexity arises from dynamic systems, such as the evolving Industry 4.0 zones in Batam.

“To tackle these complexities, project managers must develop three essential competencies. First is technical competence to manage structural complexity. Then it is emotional-social competence to address social challenges. Lastly is adaptive competence to navigate project uncertainties. These skills must work in synergy to optimize project success,” Prof. Retno explained.

Indonesia’s 2022 pilot project showcased the integration of technology and human factors. This project focused on converting LPG gas stoves to induction stoves in Surakarta. This initiative supported Sustainable Development Goal 7, which promotes clean and affordable energy. It also reduced government subsidies for 3kg liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

The project encountered several challenges. Those are structural complexity (data validation and timeline management) and social complexity (public resistance and adaptation issues). It also includes emergent complexity (policy changes and funding adjustments). Project managers responded by employing technical expertise, socio-emotional engagement, and adaptive strategies, ensuring smooth implementation. Research identified nine critical factors for the program’s sustainability. These include policy support, public perception, cost considerations, infrastructure readiness, and financial management.

In conclusion, modern project management requires a holistic approach that balances technological advancements with human and environmental interests. Success is no longer measured solely by meeting project deadlines and budgets. Instead, long-term positive impacts on society and nature define true achievement. Future project leaders must go beyond conventional performance indicators, fostering a meaningful legacy by blending technological creativity with human values.

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The Rector of Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Surakarta, Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., personally inaugurated Prof. Minar. The inauguration occurred at the Open Session of the Academic Senate on Tuesday (11/2/2025). It took place at the G.P.H. Haryo Mataram Auditorium at UNS. Prof. Minar now holds the position of the 50th Professor at the Faculty of Agriculture (FP) and the 342nd Professor at UNS.

In her speech, Prof. Minar emphasized that Indonesia’s strategic location on the equator provides it with abundant natural resources (SDA). These resources support Indonesia’s potential for food self-sufficiency, allowing the country to meet its food needs. Despite this, Indonesia remains one of the world’s largest food importers. To address this issue, Prof. Minar introduced an innovative agricultural method aimed at boosting domestic agricultural productivity.

Introducing the SRI Method for Improved Agricultural Productivity

“I will present an innovation in rice cultivation known as SRI (System of Rice Intensification). It offers a solution to achieve food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. This method is highly productive, adaptive, water-efficient, and environmentally friendly, as it optimizes the potential of agroecosystems. By applying SRI, production can increase by 3 to 4 times per planting hole,” Prof. Minar said.

Research Findings Support the SRI Method’s Economic Benefits

Prof. Minar shared significant research findings on the SRI method, which highlights its economic advantages. Studies conducted in Bantul, Sleman, and brackish water-affected lands in Segara Anakan, Nusa Kambangan, show substantial increases in the R/C ratio. SRI practices help reduce variable costs by up to 40% and increase production per unit of land. Research from Eastern Indonesia reveals that SRI can thrive in areas with limited irrigation. It boosts yields by up to 3,3 tons/ha. SRI also cuts water usage by 40%, reduces synthetic fertilizer use by 50%, and lowers production costs by 20%.

Moreover, Prof. Minar presented international research on the SRI method. In Andhra Pradesh, India, studies found that SRI had a higher benefit-cost ratio of 1,76. This was compared to 1,25 for conventional methods, resulting in a 31% increase in crop yields. Research in Korea showed that SRI can reduce water usage by 55,6%. It also decreases irrigation needs and lowers non-point source pollution (NPS) from rainfall or melting snow. However, the main challenge of the SRI method is its management and maintenance.

The SRI Method: A Solution for Food Self-Sufficiency

“The research results demonstrate that the SRI method, combined with modified irrigation practices, is versatile. It can be applied in diverse environments such as desert regions, brackish water-affected lands, and dry or marginal lands. SRI enhances soil texture, biodiversity, and increases rice tiller numbers, leaf area index, and crop yields. It also reduces irrigation water needs and production costs. These factors provide significant economic advantages compared to conventional methods. Therefore, the SRI method is a promising solution for achieving food self-sufficiency in Indonesia,” Prof. Minar concluded.

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UNS Rector, Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., officially appointed Prof. Erlyna as Professor at the G.P.H. Haryo Mataram Auditorium on Monday (10/2/2025). During the event, Prof. Erlyna delivered an inaugural speech. The title of her speech was “Development of the ‘Porang’ (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Industry Towards the Global Market.”

Increasing Global Demand for Carbohydrate-Rich Foods

In her speech, Prof. Erlyna highlighted the growing global food consumption driven by population growth. She emphasized that the fundamental food need is carbohydrate-rich foods, primarily derived from cereals and tubers. Tubers, in addition to being carbohydrate sources, contain antioxidants that help protect the body from free radicals.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Asia has seen an increase in tuber consumption. This includes both staple and complementary foods. In particular, the Pacific region incorporates tubers into its traditional food culture, contributing to the rising demand. Commonly consumed tubers include sweet potatoes, cassava, gadung (Dioscorea hispida), gembili (Dioscorea esculenta), talas (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), and porang.

Economic Potential of Porang

Among these tubers, porang has shown the most significant growth in production and processing due to its high economic value. The tuber contains glucomannan, a substance used in various industries. It serves as a thickening agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, and gelling agent in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and chemical sectors.

Though porang, also known as “iles-iles,” has gained popularity recently, Indonesians have used it for centuries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for porang surged. At that time, sellers priced glucomannan-rich shirataki rice at over IDR 200.000 per kilogram. Meanwhile, they sold porang tubers in Madiun Regency for IDR 15.000 per kilogram.

“The development of the porang agro-industry brings substantial financial benefits. It also creates opportunities for product diversification, enhances farmers’ welfare, and boosts national export value,” Prof. Erlyna explained.

Porang’s Global Market Potential

Porang holds significant potential as one of Indonesia’s leading export commodities. However, its development requires technological support, processing innovations, and government policies.

Challenges remain in the market. Its monopsonistic nature limits access, price stability, and information flow for business actors. Technological issues include removing oxalic acid and glucomannan extraction—processes that many porang entrepreneurs have yet to master. Furthermore, strict import standards for porang products—whether tubers, chips, or crepes—pose additional barriers.

Collaboration for Industry Development

To foster a sustainable porang industry, Prof. Erlyna advocates for a penta-helix approach. This includes collaboration between the government, businesses, academia, communities, and media. This collaboration can strengthen every aspect of the porang value chain, from production to marketing.

The porang industry can thrive in both domestic and global markets by implementing suitable policies and advancing technology. Supporting research, diversifying products, empowering farmers, and improving supply chains are also essential for its growth.

“The penta-helix model is an effective framework for collaboration. It is also the key to enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of Indonesia’s porang industry,” Prof. Erlyna concluded.

Rector’s Expectations for New Professors

Rector Prof. Hartono reminded newly inaugurated professors to utilize their expertise to contribute to sustainable development. He urged them to remain dedicated to producing high-quality scientific work that addresses societal and national challenges.

“I hope the newly appointed professors will contribute to solving various national and global challenges,” Prof. Hartono said.

The addition of new professors in the field of Food Agribusiness will help advance research efforts. This supports Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Number 2: Zero Hunger. Professors in this field play a vital role in food security and efficient food distribution. They also contribute to developing innovative solutions to combat hunger.

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A New Era for Geography Education

Prof. Sugiyanto also leads the Procurement of Goods and Services Unit. He has become the 33rd professor at FKIP and the 334th at UNS. In his inaugural speech, he introduced a new approach to geography education. It was titled “Transformation of Geography Learning Approaches: From Geo-Literacy to Geo-Capabilities.” This approach represents a shift from traditional Geo-Literacy. Geo-Literacy focuses on understanding maps and geographic connections. The new approach is a more comprehensive method: Geo-Capabilities.

The Need for Transformation in Geography Learning

According to Prof. Sugiyanto, the shift from Geo-Literacy to Geo-Capabilities is crucial in today’s globalized world. This shift is especially important in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0. “This transformation is essential to develop 21st-century skills and integrate geospatial learning,” he emphasized. Geo-Capabilities, unlike Geo-Literacy, offer a holistic approach to solving global challenges. They empower students to think critically, analyze data, and apply their knowledge to solve complex, real-world problems.

Aligning Education with Technological and Social Advancements

Prof. Sugiyanto stressed the importance of aligning geography education with technological progress, social dynamics, and global needs. This paradigm shift aims to make geography education more practical, relevant, and impactful, helping students become responsible global citizens. The new approach supports skill development, applied learning, and an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to geography.

Strategic Objectives of Geo-Capabilities in Geography Education

Prof. Sugiyanto outlined several strategic objectives of the Geo-Capabilities approach. First is enhancing students’ skills and competencies. Then, it is improving technological proficiency. Lastly, there is promoting action-based, multidisciplinary learning.

These objectives will help students gain the necessary skills to interpret real-world phenomena. They will prepare students for the challenges of the 21st century.

Challenges in Implementing Geo-Capabilities

While Geo-Capabilities provide numerous benefits, the main challenge lies in the readiness of teachers to adopt this new approach. Teachers play a vital role in developing students’ Geo-Capabilities. To ensure the success of this transformation, adequate support and resources for educators are essential.

Prof. Sugiyanto’s vision for transforming geography learning from Geo-Literacy to Geo-Capabilities is a vital step in modernizing education. This shift will empower students with the skills they need to navigate the complexities of the modern world. It will ensure that geography education remains relevant and impactful.

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The inaugural speech was titled “Community-Based Clinical Immunology: Lessons from the Covid-19 Pandemic and Future Anticipation.” Prof. Tonang emphasized the critical role of clinical immunology. He highlighted its importance in tackling public health challenges. In addition, he specifically discussed its importance in the post-Covid-19 era. His expertise promises to make lasting contributions to the field and society at large.

Academic Background and Expertise

Prof. Tonang is a highly regarded academic specializing in Clinical Immunology. Born in Boyolali, he earned his undergraduate degree from the Faculty of Medicine at UNS. He went on to obtain his Master’s and Ph.D. in Molecular Immunology from Tottori University, Japan. Additionally, Prof. Tonang completed his Clinical Pathology Specialist Program at UNS. He also completed his Clinical Immunology Subspecialist Program at the Indonesian College of Clinical Pathology (Patklin).

Throughout his career, Prof. Tonang has made substantial contributions to the medical field. From 2015 to 2024, he served as Vice Director of UNS Hospital and has been a consultant for PT Prodia Widyahusada since 2021.

The Covid-19 Pandemic and Clinical Immunology’s Role

In his speech, Prof. Tonang reflected on how the Covid-19 pandemic reshaped the understanding of clinical immunology in Indonesia. The country’s first Covid-19 case was reported on March 2, 2020. Peak cases occurred between July and September 2021. By the time the WHO declared the end of the pandemic on May 5, 2023, Indonesia had recorded 6,78 million cases and 161.404 deaths. The Indonesian government officially lifted the Covid-19 emergency status through Presidential Decree No. 48 of 2023 on August 4, 2023.

“Clinical Pathologists (Sp.PK) played a vital role throughout the Covid-19 patient management process,” Prof. Tonang noted. “Their responsibilities ranged from early diagnosis and treatment to ongoing monitoring and recovery assessments.” He also pointed out that while the pandemic may be officially over, the virus has shifted to endemic status. This shift requires a community-based approach to clinical immunology.

Expanding Clinical Immunology in Public Health

For Prof. Tonang, Clinical Pathologists must apply their knowledge not only in hospitals and laboratories. They must also apply it in pre-hospital and post-hospital care. He emphasized the importance of integrating Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and Value-Based Medicine (VBM) into clinical immunology practice.

During the pandemic, public communication about clinical immunology evolved significantly. Initial misinformation sparked debates, but over time, the accuracy and clarity of information improved. As an academic, Prof. Tonang underscored the need for medical professionals and scientists to act as communicators. He emphasized their role in bridging the gap between science and public policy.

“Being a bridge often involves challenges,” Prof. Tonang explained. “It can lead to misconceptions about one’s stance, whether supporting or criticizing the government, helping or blaming society. Yet, the principle of clinical immunology is to ‘be everywhere without taking sides, but contributing everywhere.’”

Recognition and Commitment to Future Research

For his contributions to clinical immunology and public health policy, Prof. Tonang received several prestigious awards. These included the Achmad Bakrie Award in Medicine (2022) and the Health Communicator Award from the Ministry of Health (2023). Moreover, he also received as the Best Presenter Award at ICOMESH 2023.

As a professor, Prof. Tonang is committed to advancing community-based clinical immunology research and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration in healthcare. “We must work together. We complement one another to build a better future for society and anticipate future health emergencies,” he concluded.

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Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., the Rector of UNS, presided over the inauguration. Prof. Eko delivered his inaugural speech titled “Tax Avoidance and Ethics: Addressing Moral Challenges in the Modern Taxation System.” He highlighted key ethical concerns within the taxation system. He specifically focused on the rising prevalence of tax avoidance practices.

Prof. Eko’s Academic Journey and Expertise in Taxation

Prof. Eko Arief Sudaryono, originally from Klaten, pursued his higher education at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM). He earned both his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Accounting before pursuing a doctoral degree in Economics at UNS. Since 2021, he has served as the Head of UNS’ Tax Sub-Coordinator.

Prof. Eko is an academic and expert in taxation. He has contributed numerous research studies and scientific publications on tax policy and its moral implications.

The Growing Concern about Tax Avoidance

In his speech, Prof. Eko emphasized that taxation is a critical pillar of national development. It funds essential sectors such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. However, he pointed out that tax avoidance practices have become a significant challenge to the effectiveness of modern taxation systems.

“Tax avoidance exploits regulatory loopholes to reduce tax liabilities. Although legal, people often see it as unethical because it neglects social responsibility. As a result, it diminishes state revenue that should be directed toward public welfare,” Prof. Eko explained.

He also noted that the gap between ethical values and legal frameworks contributes to the persistence of tax avoidance. Moreover, the complexity of the taxation system allows large corporations to shift profits to countries with lower tax rates. This practice exacerbates economic inequality between the wealthy and the underprivileged.

Proposed Solutions to Combat Tax Avoidance

To address these issues, Prof. Eko proposed several strategic measures. He emphasized the importance of instilling ethical tax values from a young age through education. This approach creates a collective awareness of the role taxation plays in promoting public welfare.

Prof. Eko also stressed the need for tax policy reforms to close existing regulatory loopholes and improve transparency within the taxation system. He suggested strengthening collaboration between the government, businesses, and civil society to create a fair and integrity-driven taxation system. Additionally, imposing social sanctions on tax avoiders could serve as an effective deterrent, promoting better compliance.

Towards a Fair and Transparent Taxation System

In conclusion, Prof. Eko asserted that a fair taxation system goes beyond legal compliance. It requires collective moral awareness to ensure justice and social solidarity. Responsible tax payments are vital for national economic stability and act as an investment in the country’s future prosperity.

His inauguration as a Professor marks a significant milestone for FEB UNS. As an academic institution, FEB UNS plays a crucial role in developing taxation studies. It also promotes policies that contribute to social and economic welfare.

“Inclusive policy reforms and the enforcement of strong ethical values can help Indonesia build a taxation system. This system will be fair, transparent, and sustainable in supporting national development,” Prof. Eko concluded.

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The Rector of UNS, Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., officiated the inauguration during an Open Senate Session on Monday (10/2/2025). The ceremony took place at the G.P.H. Haryo Mataram UNS Auditorium. Prof. Endah Retno is now the 33rd Professor at the Faculty of Engineering (FT) and the 334th Professor at UNS.

Advancing Lithium-Ion Battery Technology

In her speech, Prof. Endah Retno highlighted that portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and grid-scale energy storage systems (ESS) primarily rely on Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs). To support large-scale renewable energy adoption, cost-effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly LIBs are essential.

She explained that natural polymers are emerging as an alternative to polyolefin polymers currently used in separator membranes. Polyolefins have excellent insulation, mechanical strength, and electrochemical stability. However, they have low thermal stability. In contrast, natural polymers offer higher thermal stability, environmental sustainability, and better safety features for LIBs.

“Manufacturers primarily use polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) to produce commercially available separator membranes. While these materials provide good insulation and strength, they pose environmental concerns and have low thermal stability. Natural polymers are abundant, sustainable, and have enhanced thermal stability. These properties help improve LIB safety and lifespan. As a result, they serve as a viable alternative,” Prof. Endah stated.

The Role of Separator Membranes in Battery Safety

The separator is a critical component in LIBs, directly influencing safety, lifespan, and electrochemical performance. A high-quality separator must have high porosity, strong electrolyte affinity, and substantial electrolyte absorption. Developing separators with superior mechanical strength and thermal stability is crucial for large-scale battery applications.

“Advanced separators play a key role in improving battery safety and electrochemical performance. A well-designed separator should be able to shut down the battery during a short circuit or excessive temperature rise. Fire-resistant separators are crucial to preventing combustion spread during thermal runaway,” Prof. Endah added.

She emphasized that producing natural polymer-based separator membranes is generally simpler. This process is also more environmentally friendly compared to synthetic polymer-based alternatives. This innovation supports the development of a more independent and sustainable battery industry in Indonesia. Advancements in raw material availability, manufacturing technology, and battery safety support the development of natural polymer-based separators. These separators could significantly contribute to achieving battery industry independence in the country.

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Advancements in Energy Conversion Engineering

During his speech, Prof. Budi explained that fluid mechanics studies liquid and gas behavior, both in stationary and moving states. Today, this field plays a crucial role in various industries. These include automotive, petrochemicals, construction, and sports. It also extends to biomedicine, environmental science, and climate research.

He further elaborated that energy conversion research falls into two categories: experimental and mathematical studies. Fluid properties undergo examination through standard testing methods and specialized equipment. Meanwhile, mathematical studies in this field are classified into analytical and numerical research. With the rise of digitalization and optimization, energy conversion technology aims to enhance efficiency and sustainability. This approach helps achieve optimal pressure values for various applications.

The Role of Two-Phase Flow in Energy Systems

One critical aspect of fluid mechanics is “two-phase flow”, essential for designing efficient and safe engineering systems. This flow consists of different compositions, including gas-liquid, gas-solid, liquid-solid, and liquid-liquid flows. Predicting flow patterns is vital before assessing energy conversion parameters.

“Flow patterns help determine pressure drop values and heat transfer rates in two-phase flow systems. Due to their complexity and reliance on subjective evaluation, computational methods have been developed to analyze these patterns. These methods include Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, and Genetic Algorithms,” Prof. Budi explained.

He emphasized that the Two-Phase Flow Fluid System aims to determine pressure drop values. These values are essential for evaluating force, power, and performance. They also play a crucial role in defining equipment specifications.

Professors’ Role in Advancing Education

The Chairman of the UNS Council of Professors, Prof. Drs. Suranto Tjiptowibisono, M.Sc., Ph.D., highlighted the importance of professors in academia. He emphasized their significant contributions to education in Indonesia. He stated that UNS remains committed to strengthening its academic culture through high-quality faculty appointments.

“Professors have a crucial responsibility to educate both undergraduate and postgraduate students, ensuring they become competent graduates. At UNS, developing strong academic environment is a priority, where professors serve as role models in ethics and knowledge development,” Prof. Suranto stated.

Through these initiatives, UNS reaffirms its dedication to fostering academic excellence and technological innovation. This commitment paves the way for future advancements in energy conversion engineering.

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Prof. Wiharto was officially inaugurated by UNS Rector Prof. Dr. Hartono, dr., M.Si., in an Open Senate Session held on Friday (20/12/2024) at the G.P.H. Haryo Mataram Auditorium. His inaugural speech was titled “Biomedical Data Computation Based on Explainable Artificial Intelligence.”

As UNS’s 329th professor, Prof. Wiharto emphasized the critical role of biomedical data in healthcare. Such data provides in-depth insights into individual and population health, supports the development of precise treatments, and enhances disease prevention efforts. Examples include laboratory test results, medical imaging, and physiological signals. Utilizing this data enables early disease detection, leading to faster and more effective treatments.

Prof. Wiharto employs a cutting-edge field within Artificial Intelligence (AI) known as Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). This innovation improves upon traditional Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) methods by making the decision-making process of AI models transparent. XAI techniques, such as Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) and Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (grad-CAM), are pivotal. SHAP explains the contribution of each input feature to the model’s predictions, while grad-CAM highlights areas within images that significantly influence the model’s decisions.

“One example of an XAI-based model I’ve developed is an intelligent system for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) based on various clinical and physiological assessments. This model helps perform feature selection, identifying key factors for CHD prediction,” Prof. Wiharto explained.

By utilizing minimal feature selection, the model achieves effective CHD detection. Additionally, SHAP ensures that the system provides interpretable explanations for its predictions, demonstrating the robustness and reliability of these innovations.

XAI techniques also extend to detecting pneumonia and COVID-19. These detections utilize Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) applied to biomedical X-ray and chest MRI data. Using grad-CAM, specific areas of X-ray and MRI images are identified as critical indicators of pneumonia or COVID-19.

Furthermore, Prof. Wiharto has integrated grad-CAM into image segmentation models for applications such as skin lesions and polyp imaging. A notable innovation is the development of the Efficient Comprehensive Attention Network (ECA-Net) for skin lesion segmentation. For polyp segmentation, a double U-Net model using Depthwise Separable Convolution (DSC) and Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) has been introduced.

“The integration of XAI into classification and segmentation models, both for image and non-image data, allows each stage of the model’s process to be explainable. This transparency enhances user trust in the system,” he stated.

Prof. Wiharto’s contributions hold significant promise for advancing scientific knowledge. UNS Rector Prof. Hartono, in his remarks, reaffirmed UNS’s commitment to excellence in education, research, and community service. “With achievements like these, we are optimistic about UNS’s future, both nationally and globally. We aspire for UNS to make even greater contributions in addressing societal, national, and international challenges,” Prof. Hartono concluded.

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